National Bankruptcy Trends

FY2015 through FY2024 U.S. bankruptcy filing trends drawn from the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AOUSC) Judicial Caseload Statistics. According to AOUSC, consumer bankruptcy filings peaked at over 800,000 cases in 2015 before declining to roughly 415,000 by FY2024, with Chapter 7 representing the majority of filings throughout the decade. See our methodology for the exact data series and refresh cadence.

Year Total
FY2024 485,341
FY2023 433,658
FY2022 387,721
FY2021 413,616
FY2020 544,463
FY2019 774,940
FY2018 779,828
FY2017 767,721
FY2016 794,492
FY2015 844,495

2020–2022: Pandemic Drop

Bankruptcy filings fell sharply during COVID-19 due to stimulus payments, expanded unemployment benefits, and federal moratoriums on evictions and foreclosures. The 2022 trough of ~388,000 filings was the lowest in decades, down 74% from the 2010 peak.

2023–2024: Rising Again

As pandemic-era support programs expired, filings rose. FY2023 saw a 12% increase and FY2024 another 12%. Economists watch filing rates as a leading indicator of household financial stress. Still well below the 1.5M peak of 2010.

Chapter 7 Dominates

Chapter 7 consistently accounts for 60–72% of all filings. Its share rose during COVID (faster, cheaper process) but is declining as Chapter 13 rebounds. The Chapter 7/13 mix is a useful indicator of financial distress patterns.

Business Filings Rising

Chapter 11 business filings rose 22% in FY2024. High interest rates and tightening credit conditions are pushing more businesses into restructuring. FY2024's 8,032 Chapter 11 filings are approaching pre-pandemic levels.